@article {busso_dimensions_2017, title = {Dimensions of Adversity, Physiological Reactivity, and Externalizing Psychopathology in Adolescence: Deprivation and Threat}, journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine}, volume = {79}, number = {2}, year = {2017}, month = {mar}, pages = {162{\textendash}171}, abstract = {{OBJECTIVE: Dysregulation of autonomic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function is a putative intermediate phenotype linking childhood adversity (CA) with later psychopathology. However, associations of CAs with autonomic nervous system and HPA-axis function vary widely across studies. Here, we test a novel conceptual model discriminating between distinct forms of CA (deprivation and threat) and examine their independent associations with physiological reactivity and psychopathology. METHODS: Adolescents (N = 169; mean [SD] age, 14.9 [1.4] years) with a range of interpersonal violence (e.g., maltreatment, community violence) and poverty exposure participated in the Trier Social Stress test (TSST). During the TSST, electrocardiogram, impedance cardiograph, salivary cortisol, and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate data were collected. We compared the associations of poverty (an indicator of deprivation) and interpersonal violence (an indicator of threat) on sympathetic, parasympathetic, and HPA-axis reactivity to the TSST, and assessed whether these differences mediated the association of adversity with internalizing and externalizing symptoms. RESULTS: Exposure to poverty and interpersonal violence was associated with psychopathology. Interpersonal violence, adjusting for poverty, was associated with blunted sympathetic (b = 1.44}, keywords = {Adolescent, Child abuse, exposure to violence, Female, Humans, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Male, Mental Disorders, Parasympathetic Nervous System, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Poverty, Sympathetic Nervous System}, issn = {1534-7796}, doi = {10.1097/PSY.0000000000000369}, author = {Busso, Daniel S. and McLaughlin, Katie A. and Sheridan, Margaret A.} }