@article {mclaughlin_state-level_2011,
	title = {State-level women{\textquoteright}s status and psychiatric disorders among US women},
	journal = {Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology},
	volume = {46},
	number = {11},
	year = {2011},
	month = {nov},
	pages = {1161{\textendash}1171},
	abstract = {PURPOSE: Although greater gender equality at the state-level is associated with fewer depressive symptoms in women after controlling for individual-level confounders, the extent to which state-level women{\textquoteright}s status is related to psychiatric disorders in women and gender differences in psychopathology has never been examined. We examined these associations in the current report. METHODS: We used data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (n=34,653), a national probability sample of US adults. Respondents completed structured diagnostic assessments of DSM-IV psychiatric disorders. We used generalized estimating equations to examine associations between four state-level indicators of women{\textquoteright}s status (political participation, employment/earnings, social/economic autonomy, and reproductive rights) and odds of 12-month mood and anxiety disorders among women. We also tested whether women{\textquoteright}s status predicted the magnitude of gender differences in psychiatric disorders. RESULTS: State-level political participation, employment/earnings, and social/economic autonomy were unrelated to odds of 12-month mood and anxiety disorders among women. However, the prevalence of major depression and post-traumatic stress disorder was lower in states where women have greater reproductive rights (OR 0.93-0.95), controlling for individual-level risk factors. None of the women{\textquoteright}s status indicators predicted gender differences in mood and anxiety disorder prevalence. CONCLUSIONS: State-level women{\textquoteright}s status was largely unrelated to mood and anxiety disorders in women or to gender differences in these disorders. Investigation of social factors that play a role in shaping the distribution of individual-level risk factors that are associated with gender disparities in psychiatric disorders represents an important avenue for future research.},
	keywords = {80 and over, Adult, Aged, Epidemiologic studies, Female, Health Status Disparities, Humans, Male, Mental Disorders, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, United States, Women{\textquoteright}s Health, Young Adult},
	issn = {1433-9285},
	doi = {10.1007/s00127-010-0286-z},
	author = {McLaughlin, Katie A. and Xuan, Ziming and Subramanian, S. V. and Koenen, Karestan C.}
}
