@article {dennis_altered_2019, title = {Altered white matter microstructural organization in posttraumatic stress disorder across 3047 adults: results from the PGC-ENIGMA PTSD consortium}, journal = {Molecular Psychiatry}, year = {2019}, note = {Publisher: Nature Publishing Group}, pages = {4315-4330}, abstract = {A growing number of studies have examined alterations in white matter organization in people with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using diffusion MRI (dMRI), but the results have been mixed which may be partially due to relatively small sample sizes among studies. Altered structural connectivity may be both a neurobiological vulnerability for, and a result of, PTSD. In an effort to find reliable effects, we present a multi-cohort analysis of dMRI metrics across 3047 individuals from 28 cohorts currently participating in the PGC-ENIGMA PTSD working group (a joint partnership between the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium and the Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis consortium). Comparing regional white matter metrics across the full brain in 1426 individuals with PTSD and 1621 controls (2174 males/873 females) between ages 18{\textendash}83, 92\% of whom were trauma-exposed, we report associations between PTSD and disrupted white matter organization measured by lower fractional anisotropy (FA) in the tapetum region of the corpus callosum (Cohen{\textquoteright}s d = -0.11, p = 0.0055). The tapetum connects the left and right hippocampus, for which structure and function have been consistently implicated in PTSD. Results were consistent even after accounting for the effects of multiple potentially confounding variables: childhood trauma exposure, comorbid depression, history of traumatic brain injury, current alcohol abuse or dependence, and current use of psychotropic medications. Our results show that PTSD may be associated with alterations in the broader hippocampal network.}, issn = {1476-5578}, doi = {10.1038/s41380-019-0631-x}, url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41380-019-0631-x}, author = {Dennis, Emily L. and Disner, Seth G. and Fani, Negar and McLaughlin, Katie A. and Salminen, Lauren E. and Logue, Mark and Clarke, Emily K. and Haswell, Courtney C. and Averill, Christopher L. and Baugh, Lee A. and Bomyea, Jessica and Bruce, Steven E. and Cha, Jiook and Choi, Kyle and Davenport, Nicholas D. and Densmore, Maria and du Plessis, Stefan and Forster, Gina L. and Frijling, Jessie L. and Gonenc, Atilla and Gruber, Staci and Grupe, Daniel W. and Guenette, Jeffrey P. and Hayes, Jasmeet and Hofmann, David and Ipser, Jonathan and Jovanovic, Tanja and Kelly, Sinead and Kennis, Mitzy and Kinzel, Philipp and Koch, Saskia B. J. and Koerte, Inga and Koopowitz, Sheri and Korgaonkar, Mayuresh and Krystal, John and Lebois, Lauren A. M. and Li, Gen and Magnotta, Vincent A. and Manthey, Antje and May, Geoff J. and Menefee, Deleene S. and Nawijn, Laura and Nelson, Steven M. and Neufeld, Richard W. J. and Nitschke, Jack B. and O{\textquoteright}Doherty, Daniel and Peverill, Matthew and Ressler, Kerry J. and Roos, Annerine and Sheridan, Margaret A. and Sierk, Anika and Simmons, Alan and Simons, Raluca M. and Simons, Jeffrey S. and Stevens, Jennifer and Suarez-Jimenez, Benjamin and Sullivan, Danielle R. and Th{\'e}berge, Jean and Tran, Jana K. and van den Heuvel, Leigh and van der Werff, Steven J. A. and van Rooij, Sanne J. H. and van Zuiden, Mirjam and Velez, Carmen and Verfaellie, Mieke and Vermeiren, Robert R. J. M. and Wade, Benjamin S. C. and Wager, Tor and Walter, Henrik and Winternitz, Sherry and Wolff, Jonathan and York, Gerald and Zhu, Y. E. and Zhu, Xi and Abdallah, Chadi G. and Bryant, Richard and Daniels, Judith K. and Richard J. Davidson and Fercho, Kelene A. and Franz, Carol and Geuze, Elbert and Gordon, Evan M. and Kaufman, Milissa L. and Kremen, William S. and Lagopoulos, Jim and Lanius, Ruth A. and Lyons, Michael J. and McCauley, Stephen R. and McGlinchey, Regina and Milberg, William and Neria, Yuval and Olff, Miranda and Seedat, Soraya and Shenton, Martha and Sponheim, Scott R. and Stein, Dan J. and Murray B. Stein and Straube, Thomas and Tate, David F. and van der Wee, Nic J. A. and Veltman, Dick J. and Wang, Li and Wilde, Elisabeth A. and Paul M. Thompson and Kochunov, Peter and Jahanshad, Neda and Morey, Rajendra A.} }